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演題詳細

Oral

ブレイン・マシン/コンピュータ・インターフェース
BMI/BCI

開催日 2014/9/13
時間 17:10 - 18:10
会場 Room G(303)
Chairperson(s) 宮脇 陽一 / Yoichi Miyawaki (電気通信大学 先端領域教育研究センター / Center for Frontier Science and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications, Japan)
美馬 達哉 / Tatsuya Mima (京都大学大学院医学研究科附属脳機能総合研究センター / Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Japan)

神経義手による上肢運動機能再建と求心路遮断性疼痛の関係
Motor reconstruction by MEG-based neuroprosthetic arm aggravates deafferentation pain due to brachial plexus root avulsion

  • O3-G-1-1
  • 栁澤 琢史 / Takufumi Yanagisawa:1,2,3 福間 良平 / RYOHEI FUKUMA:4,5 清水 豪士 / TAKESHI SHIMIZU:1,3 加藤 龍 / RYU KATO:6 關 達也 / TATSUYA SEKI:6 神谷 之康 / YUKIYASU KAMITANI:3,4 横井 浩史 / HIROSHI YOKOI:6 平田 雅之 / MASAYUKI HIRATA:1 吉峰 俊樹 / TOSHIKI YOSHIMINE:1 齋藤 洋一 / YOUICHI SAITOH:1,3 
  • 1:大阪大院医脳神経外科 / Dept Neurosurg, Osaka Univ Grad Sch Med, Osaka, Japan 2:大阪大院医保健機能診断 / Div Func Diag Sci, Osaka Univ Grad Sch Med, Osaka, Japan 3:大阪大院脳神経機能再生 / Dept Neuromodulation and Neurosurgery, Osaka Univ Grad Sch Med, Osaka, Japan 4:ATR脳情報通信総合研脳情報研神経情報 / ATR Comp Neurosci Labs, Kyoto, Japan 5:奈良先端大 / Nara Inst Sci Tech, Nara, Japan 6:東京電機大院先端科学技術 / Dept Mec Eng Intel Sys, Univ Electro-Comm, Tokyo, Japan 

Phantom limb pain has been attributed to maladaptive plasticity after deafferentation. It has been hypothesized that reversing the maladaptive plasticity will relieve pain. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a restoration of upper limb functions using a brain-machine interface will normalize the maladapted cortical representation and relieve phantom limb pain.
A novel neuroprosthetic arm using real-time magnetroencephalographic (MEG) signals (Yokogawa) was applied to five patients with deafferentation pain due to brachial plexus root avulsion. First, in an open-loop session, they attempted to perform grasping or opening movements with their phantom hand every 5.5 s. The time-averaged MEG signals were used to train two decoders that predicted the performed movement type and the onset timing of the movement using support vector machine and Gaussian process regression. The prosthetic arm was controlled at the inferred movement onset to perform the predicted type of movement. Next, patients were instructed to control the prosthetic arm online for 10 minutes while watching the arm movement to improve their performance to control the arm. Finally, the open-loop session was performed again. The patient's pain was evaluated after each session by visual analog scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire.
The estimated cortical currents on the contra-lesion sensorimotor cortex were significantly varied between the two types of movements (one-way ANOVA, p<0.05). The F-value of ANOVA was increased after the 10-minute training. Also, the classification accuracy using the contra-lesion cortical currents was significantly improved. Interestingly, the pain was exacerbated as the classification accuracies increased. These results demonstrate that, contrary to our hypothesis, restoring motor ability via a brain-machine interface can aggravate deafferentation pain.

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