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演題詳細

Oral

幹細胞、ニューロンとグリアの分化 1
Stem Cells, Neuronal and Glial Production/Differentiation 1

開催日 2014/9/11
時間 17:00 - 18:15
会場 Room J(313+314)
Chairperson(s) 大塚 俊之 / Toshiyuki Ohtsuka (京都大学ウイルス研究所 細胞生物学研究部門 / Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan)
花嶋 かりな / Carina Hanashima (理化学研究所 発生・再生科学総合研究センター / RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Japan)

Notchシグナルを介した神経分化のペースの制御機構
A mechanism that controls the pace of neurogenesis through Notch signaling in the developing cerebral cortex

  • O1-J-5-4
  • 畠山 淳 / Jun Hatakeyama:1 嶋村 健児 / Kenji Shimamura:1 
  • 1:熊本大学・発生研・脳発生 / Department of Brain Morphogenesis, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan 

The cerebral neocortex exhibits six-layered organization. Each layer is composed of neurons born at a different time point during corticogenesis. Since the fate and properties of neurons generated by the cortical progenitors shift over time, the pace of neuron production must be regulated properly to produce an appropriate number of neurons in each layer. In addition, the pace changes during corticogenesis with a peak around embryonic day 14 in mice. However it remains poorly understood how the pace of neurogenesis is regulated during brain development.
Recently we have reported that newborn neurons maintain the apical endfeet transiently by forming adherens junctions with those of progenitors. We further showed that the apical endofoot with adherens junctions facilitates Notch signaling. Notch signaling plays a pivotal role in regulating neurogenesis in the central nervous system. Disruption of adherens junction in newborn neurons led to precocious differentiation of progenitors through the down-regulation of Notch signaling. Thus newborn neurons communicate with progenitors through the apical endfeet to securely prohibit inappropriate neurogenesis.
Here we show that the retention length of the apical endfeet of newborn neuron regulate the pace of neurogenesis. We found that the spatiotemporally different pace of neurogenesis is well-correlated with the retention period of the apical endofeet of newborn neurons. The retention period is most likely regulated by the dynamics of adherens junction. In fact forced manipulation of the retention time resulted in alteration of the rate of neuron production that led to a change in the proportion of the cortical layer. We propose that the apical endfeet of newborn neurons serve as a "pace-controller" for neurogenesis, via the highly dynamic nature of adherens junctions.

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