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演題詳細

Poster

基底核
Basal Ganglia

開催日 2014/9/11
時間 16:00 - 17:00
会場 Poster / Exhibition(Event Hall B)

大脳皮質ー線条体ニューロンの神経生理学的役割
Physiological roles of corticostriatal pathways in the basal ganglia

  • P1-142
  • 佐野 裕美 / Hiromi Sano:1 小林 憲太 / Kenta Kobayashi:2 加藤 成樹 / Shigeki Kato:3 小林 和人 / Kazuto Kobayashi:3 南部 篤 / Atsushi Nambu:1 
  • 1:生理研統合生理生体システム / Division of System Neurophysiology, NIPS, Aichi, Japan 2:生理研ベクター開発室 / Section of Viral Vector Development, NIPS, Aichi, Japan 3:福島医大生体機能 / Dept Mol Gen, Fukushima Med Univ, Fukushima, Japan 

The basal ganglia receive cortical inputs and regulate voluntary movements. The motor cortex sends afferents to two input stations of the basal ganglia, i.e., the striatum and subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, it is difficult to manipulate the activity of corticostriatal or cortico-STN neurons selectively, because both neurons are glutamatergic, and neither specific receptors nor gene markers corresponding to each pathway are known. In the present study, we have applied optogenetics combined with retrograde transport of viral vectors to stimulate corticostriatal neurons selectively.
For the selective expression of channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in corticostriatal neurons, we first injected lentiviral vector termed neuron-specific retrograde gene transfer (NeuRet) into the mouse striatum and induced the expression of Cre recombinase in corticostriatal neurons. Then, adeno-associated virus containing a double-floxed inverted open reading frame encoding ChR2 was injected into the motor cortex. The expression of ChR2 is observed in corticostriatal neurons and laser irradiation into the motor cortex induced excitation in these neurons. We gave photostimulation into the motor cortex and recorded neural activity in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). Photostimulation have induced biphasic responses composed of inhibition and late excitation in the GPe and SNr, while electrical stimulation to the motor cortex have induced triphasic responses composed of early excitation, inhibition and late excitation. These data suggest that inhibition and late excitation in the GPe and SNr evoked by cortical photic stimulation are mediated by the corticostriatal projections, and that early excitation evoked by electrical stimulation is mediated by the cortico-STN projections.

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