演題詳細
Oral
神経発達障害、統合失調症
Neurodevelpmental Disorders and Schizophrenia
| 開催日 | 2014/9/13 |
|---|---|
| 時間 | 9:00 - 10:00 |
| 会場 | Room I（311+312） |
| Chairperson(s) | 内匠 透 / Toru Takumi (独立行政法人理化学研究所 / RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Japan) 神尾 陽子 / Yoko Kamio (国立精神・神経医療研究センター 精神保健研究所 児童・思春期精神保健研究部 / Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan) |
自閉症など発達障害のシナプス病態：「DOHaD型シナプス病」と脳内コネクトームの「共発達」
Synaptic etiology of autism and other developmental disorders : developmental origins of health and diseases (DOHaD)-type synaptic disease and the co-development of connectomes in the brain
- O3-I-1-1
- 黒田 洋一郎 / Yoichiro Kuroda:1 木村－黒田 純子 / J Kimura-Kuroda:2
- 1:環境脳神経科学情報センター / Environmental Neuroscience Information Center, Japan 2:東京都医学総合研究所、脳発達・神経再生研究分野 / Dept of Brain Development & Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metro.Inst of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
Synaptic etiology of autism and other developmental disorders : "developmental origins of health and diseases (DOHaD)-type synaptic disease" and the "co-development" of connectomes in the brain
Yoichiro Kuroda1 and Junko Kimura-Kuroda2
1Environmental Neuroscience Information Center, 2Dept of Brain Development & Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metro.Inst of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
The recent increase in developmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), ADHDs, and LDs are mainly caused by environmental factors, especially exposure to environmental neurotoxic chemicals during the early developmental stage. Genetic factors provide vulnerability of the developing synapses to neurotoxic chemicals, during their formation and maintenance in connectomes (higher function modules), specific for the disordered function. Other connectomes develop normally. This leads to the concept of "developmental origins of health and diseases (DOHaD)-type synaptic disease" for the etiology of developmental disorders, which might also be common for schizophrenia, depression, and other psychiatric diseases (at least in part). The environmental causes may lead to the possibility of preventing autism and other developmental disorders.
Co-development of connectomes in the human brain occurs during the developmental process, when branches of neuronal networks interact mutually by chemical information and may compensate for each other to finally achieve normal function. Therefore, developmental processes of the brain are different from child to child, explaining both the heterogeneity and co-morbidity of developmental disorders and individual variation of the human brain / personality.
Development of neural networks is observed in primary culture of rat neocortical neurons. After synaptogenesis, the neurons start firing spontaneously with synchronous oscillation. Sometimes,the firing shows different patterns of oscillation in different groups of neurons. Physicochemical and toxicochemical mechanisms of co-development can be studied in this system.