演題詳細
Symposium
内因性カンナビノイド、2－アラキドノイルグリセロール、による神経回路機能調節
Control of neural circuit function by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol
| 開催日 | 2014/9/12 |
|---|---|
| 時間 | 15:00 - 17:00 |
| 会場 | Room F（302） |
| Chairperson(s) | 狩野 方伸 / Masanobu Kano (東京大学大学院医学系研究科 神経生理学分野 / Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan) 渡辺 雅彦 / Masahiko Watanabe (北海道大学大学院医学研究科 解剖学講座 解剖発生学分野 / Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan) |
2-アラキドノイルグリセロール：カンナビノイド受容体の内在性リガンド
2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand - an overview
- S2-F-2-1
- 杉浦 隆之 / Takayuki Sugiura:1 岡 沙織Saori Oka 谷川 尚Takashi Tanikawa
- 1:帝京大学 / Teikyo University, Japan
2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand - an overview
Takayuki Sugiura, Saori Oka, Takashi Tanikawa
Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an arachidonic acid-containing species of monoacylglycerol isolated from rat brain and canine gut in 1995 as an endogenous ligand for the cannabinoid receptors. 2-AG is rapidly formed from inositol phospholipids in various mammailan tissues and cells upon stimulation. 2-AG binds to both the CB1 and CB2 receptors and exhibits a variety of cannabimimetic activities in vitro and in vivo. Notably, anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine), another endogenous ligand for the cannabinoid receptors, often acts as a partial agonist at these cannabinoid receptors, whereas 2-AG acts as a full agonist in most cases. The results of structure-activity relationship studies suggested that 2-AG rather than anandamide is the true natural ligand for both the CB1 and the CB2 receptors. Evidence is accumulating which shows that 2-AG plays physiologically essential roles in diverse biological systems. For example, 2-AG plays a crucial role as a retrograde messenger molecule in the regulation of synaptic transmission. 2-AG also plays important regluratory roles in various types of inflammatory reactions and immune responses. Here, we focus on the biochemistry and molecular biology of 2-AG and summarize the regulation of the metabolism of 2-AG.