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演題詳細

Symposium

エルゼビア / NSR協賛シンポジウム:体性感覚:生体警告、運動制御、発達、自己意識のための基本感覚システム
Elsevier - NSR Sponsored Symposium:Somatosensory; Fundamental sensory system for bodily alert, motor control, development, and self-consciousness

開催日 2014/9/11
時間 14:00 - 16:00
会場 Room C(502)
Chairperson(s) 村田 哲 / Akira Murata (近畿大学医学部生理学 / Department of Physiology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Japan)
内藤 栄一 / Eiichi Naito (独立行政法人 情報通信研究機構 脳情報通信融合研究センター / Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communication Technology, Japan)

ヒト胎児発達シミュレーション - 身体性感覚運動経験が初期脳を形成する
Simulating Human Fetal Development - Embodied Sensory-Motor Experiences Shape Early Brain

  • S1-C-2-4
  • 國吉 康夫 / Yasuo Kuniyoshi:1 
  • 1:東京大学 / The University of Tokyo, Japan 

How does human mind develop? What causes developmental disorders?
Development is a continuous bootstrap process of complex interaction between genes, body, nervous system and environment. Therefore investigating the global structure of the process from the beginning is crucial for understanding the fundamental principles of human development.
With the advent of "4D" ultrasound imaging and fetal MRI, a burst of data has been accumulating about human fetal development. Also, increasing number of reports suggest that perturbation or abbreviation of fetal development may be relevant to later developmental disorders. Besides, compared to infants/toddlers in extremely complex environment, fetuses may allow more principled way of modeling.
We constructed a simulation model of a human fetus [Kuniyoshi&Sangawa, Biol.Cybern. 2006]. It consists of a musculo-skeletal body, uterus, and basic nervous system. It exhibits spontaneous motor development and sensory-motor map organization comparable to human data. Also, by changing the model parameters, we can simulate "abnormal" development [Mori&Kuniyoshi, ICDL2010]. A series of such experiments suggest that sensory-motor experiences in the fetal period may be crucial to the formation of body schema, and that some conditions characteristic of preterm infants lead to degraded body representations [Yamada et al. ICDL-EpiRob2013].
In 2012, we started a large scale project for establishing "Constructive Developmental Science"(http://devsci.isi.imi.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp/), a truly trans-disciplinary research field integrating robotics, medicine, psychology, neuroscience, and "Tojisha-Kenkyu" (first-person view research of developmental disorders). Its main contributions include a new understanding of human development and its disorders, comprehensive diagnostic methodologies, and truly appropriate (for Tojisha) assistive technology. Our first goal of research is to understand how embodied sensory-motor processes relate to social cognition, and to reveal the early causes and their unfolding towards ASD. Our fetal development simulation serves as a platform for integrating the trans-disciplinary data/models and experimenting on the plausible developmental trajectories under alternative conditions.

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