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演題詳細

Symposium

BMIとニューラルオペラントによる神経活動の随意的制御
Volitional control of neural activity via neural operant conditioning and brain-machine interfaces

開催日 2014/9/11
時間 14:00 - 16:00
会場 Room F(302)
Chairperson(s) 櫻井 芳雄 / Yoshio Sakurai (京都大学大学院文学研究科 心理学研究室 / Department of Psychology, Kyoto University, Japan)
Eberhard Fetz (Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, USA / Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, USA)

ブレイン-マシン・インタフェースによりガンマ・オシレーションと高精度な同期発火を随意的に制御する
Volitional Control of Gamma Oscillations and Precise Spike Synchrony via Brain-Machine Interface

  • S1-F-2-3
  • Eilon Vaadia:1 Ben Engelhard:1,2 
  • 1:The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 2:Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Israel 

Neural oscillations in the low-gamma range (30-50 Hz) have been implicated in neuronal synchrony,
computation, behavior, and cognition. Abnormal low-gamma activity, hypothesized to reflect impaired
synchronization, has been evidenced in several brain disorders like Schizophrenia and ADHD). Thus, understanding the relations between gamma oscillations, neuronal synchrony and behavior is a major research challenge. We used a
brain-machine interface (BMI) to train monkeys to specifically increase low-gamma power in selected
sites of motor cortex to move a cursor and obtain a reward. The monkeys learned to robustly generate
oscillatory gamma waves, which were accompanied by a dramatic increase of spiking synchrony of highly
precise spatiotemporal patterns. The findings link volitional control of LFP oscillations, neuronal synchrony,
and the behavioral outcome. Subjects' ability to directly modulate specific patterns of neuronal
synchrony provides a powerful approach for understanding neuronal processing in relation to behavior
and for the use of BMIs in a clinical setting.

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